Neural network
A neural network is a computer system inspired by the human brain that learns to recognize patterns by looking at many examples, gradually adjusting its internal settings until it gets the right answer.
A computational model composed of interconnected layers of nodes that process data; it learns to map inputs to outputs by iteratively adjusting the weights of these connections based on feedback from its own performance.
A layered system of weighted connections ('neurons') that transforms inputs to outputs; the weights are learned from data by minimising error via gradient descent and backpropagation.
evolution
- 1943 · historyMcCulloch-Pitts Neuron
The first mathematical model of a biological neuron was proposed to simulate logical functions.
- 1958 · historyThe Perceptron
Frank Rosenblatt created the first artificial neural network capable of learning through trial and error.
- 1986 · historyBackpropagation Popularization
Rumelhart, Hinton, and Williams demonstrated that backpropagation could efficiently train multi-layer networks.
- 2012 · historyAlexNet Breakthrough
A deep convolutional neural network won the ImageNet competition by a massive margin, triggering the modern deep learning era.
- 2017 · historyTransformer Architecture
The introduction of the Transformer model shifted the field toward attention mechanisms, enabling large-scale language modeling.