The Four Labours
The Four Labours is a way of breaking down any job into four types of effort: thinking (which computers are starting to do), moving things (which robots are still learning), taking responsibility (which only humans can do), and designing how things work (which is where the best new jobs are).
A framework for task decomposition that categorizes work based on the specific human requirement: Intellectual tasks (now commoditized by AI), Physical tasks (constrained by hardware latency), Accountability (the human-exclusive domain of risk and agency), and Architectural tasks (the high-leverage design of systems).
The decomposition that asks 'what kind of human does the remaining task require?': Intellectual (weightless, AI commoditises), Physical (atom-bound, lags 2-3 years), Accountability (presence-bound, the durable monopoly), Architectural (design-bound, where new jobs live). The basis of the Four-Column Task Decomposition. (C4AIL, Whitepaper II §2.1.)